A vaccine essentially needs to trick our immune systems into thinking there’s an infection. That way, it will develop an arsenal of tactics to kill off the pathogen, should it ever actually show up in your body.
“The vaccinologists should be able to trick the immune system to look at this as something so huge and disastrous, it jumps in and responds,” Sharif says. Often, a vaccine tries to pull that trigger with a specific protein — one that is lodged in the exterior of a virus itself. With SARS-CoV-2, researchers have started trying to recreate one virus surface component in particular: the spike protein, which studs the viral surface in a kind of crown (or “corona,” if you will).
The vaccine style pharmaceutical researchers choose dictates how that protein greets our immune systems. Some vaccines release a somewhat nonfunctional version of the virus into our bodies. If researchers tamper with it just right, the modified virus — and the proteins coating its surface — can still provoke our immune system without getting us sick. One way to sap a virus of some of its power is to grow it in another species, like the way researchers use those precious chicken eggs to produce the flu vaccine.
Developers can also force the virus to become less of a threat by exposing it to high heat or formaldehyde, creating what's know as an inactivated vaccine. Sharif likens this process to making guacamole. “They smash it up,” he says. “They do everything they can to make sure that the virus is not alive anymore.” Then, other ingredients in the vaccine make the ruined virus “appetizing.” Developers might add something like an aluminum-based product, which aggregate bits of remaining surface protein, Sharif says. The clumps are easier for the immune system to detect. Sinovac Biotech is working on one of these vaccines.
What's In a Shot? Vaccine Types, Explained | Discover Magazine
The explanation Discover Magazine gives above about the process of how vaccines work is nonsense. Tricking your body? That's not good. Aluminum helps the vaccine in your body? What?? It's a metal. It's poisonous. Injecting yourself with something that makes you sick so you can become immune to it? I mean come on, all this is crazy. This reeks of evil and yet people think this is all for their well being. No it's insane.
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